中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
青少年脊柱侧弯之忧浮出水面****** 对于不少家长来说,显而易见的近视、肥胖问题受关注较多,而对另一个隐匿性较强的身体危害却关注不多,那就是青少年脊柱侧弯问题。 自2019年以来,山东体育学院坚持开展青少年脊柱侧弯筛查与科普志愿服务项目,每年筛查大约1万名青少年学生。期间发现,对脊柱侧弯不了解、甚至刻意回避这一问题的家长不在少数。 山东体育学院体育科学研究院执行院长、山东省青少年脊柱健康促进中心主任田雪文近日向中青报·中青网记者介绍,大约3%至5%的青少年存在脊柱侧弯问题,但很多家长直到孩子的脊柱侧弯已经到了较为严重的程度才会有所察觉。严重的脊柱侧弯将给孩子的身体健康造成极大危害,这既体现在生理上,即压迫、挤占心脏、胃肠等脏器的发育空间,影响这些脏器的功能。同时,也体现在心理上,身姿不正的孩子往往会有自卑感。 孩子的不良坐姿习惯以及在参与一些可能会造成脊柱侧弯的运动时缺乏预防措施,都会给孩子带来脊柱侧弯问题。田雪文特别提到,近年来,很多家长热衷于让孩子,特别是女孩,学习舞蹈,但因可能存在的训练不科学和预防措施不足的问题,不规范的舞蹈训练导致孩子出现脊柱侧弯的案例也越来越多。此外,一些单侧运动也可能给孩子带来脊柱侧弯的问题。记者之前在采访北京青少年冰球运动时就了解到,由于身体长期单侧发力,青少年冰球选手较容易发生脊柱侧弯。这一现象在青少年长期参加其他单侧运动(如皮划艇、击剑、网球等)时也较为普遍。 早在2019年之前,通过设立于山东体育学院的山东学生体质监测中心每年进行的大量学生体质测试工作,田雪文发现,青少年脊柱侧弯问题日益突出。因此,山东体育学院发起了青少年脊柱侧弯筛查与科普志愿服务项目。一方面与学校合作,面向广大青少年开展脊柱侧弯的早筛查、早发现,另一方面,通过向学生、家长、学校科普脊柱侧弯相关知识,提醒学生、家长关注和预防脊柱侧弯。 田雪文回忆,早期进行学生脊柱侧弯的筛查工作时,甚至遇到一些家长对此有误解。由于脊柱侧弯的检查需要学生脱去上衣,一些家长对此非常抵触,这主要还是因为家长们对脊柱侧弯及预防缺乏了解。 田雪文表示,根据筛查情况看,脊柱侧弯多发于10至15岁的青少年,这也是孩子身体发育的一个高峰期。脊柱侧弯早发现,可以通过脊柱保健操等运动手段进行干预,使孩子的脊柱侧弯控制在较轻范围内,使其尽可能不对身体健康产生危害。而一旦错过早发现早干预的阶段,脊柱侧弯会随着孩子的身体发育不断加重,当脊柱侧弯已经到了较为严重的程度,就只能进行手术治疗,这无疑将大大增加孩子的痛苦。 对于进行舞蹈训练和长期参与单侧运动的青少年来说,家长更有必要关注孩子的脊柱侧弯问题和加强预防措施。北京一名冰球教练建议,孩子在参与单侧运动之余,应积极参与一些均衡性运动,如游泳、跑步、体操训练、骑自行车等,以促进身体各部位的全面锻炼、平衡发展。 在开展青少年脊柱侧弯筛查与科普志愿服务项目的3年多时间里,田雪文与团队的30多名师生欣慰地发现,随着家长们对脊柱侧弯的了解程度越来越深,他们也会对脊柱侧弯的早筛查、早干预工作越来越关注和支持。从整个社会来说,对青少年脊柱侧弯的问题也越来越重视。2022年,山东省教育厅在山东体育学院正式设立了山东省青少年脊柱健康促进中心。青少年脊柱侧弯筛查与科普志愿服务项目,也入选了国家体育总局群体司组织开展的2022年全民健身志愿服务项目库。 青少年脊柱侧弯的发病初期隐匿性较强,却是干预、治疗的黄金期。但目前,国内大多数家长对脊柱侧弯仍缺乏认知和判断,大规模的青少年脊柱侧弯筛查就显得十分重要。田雪文介绍,从山东来说,今年预计对青少年(中小学生)进行脊柱侧弯的筛查人数将从之前的每年1万人增加到5至10万人。并通过制作《青少年脊柱健康保健操》《体态瑜伽还你挺拔身姿》《趣味健身操》《青少年体适能》《极简十式太极拳》《八段锦》等视频,向广大家长和学生传播脊柱健康的科普知识和训练方法。 中青报·中青网记者 慈鑫 来源:中国青年报 中国网客户端 国家重点新闻网站,9语种权威发布 |